CHOICE AS METAPHOR IN MAN, EVENT IN QUANTUM PHYSICS
From kk.org:Everything in the universe has some degree of free will. Even quantum particles. An elemental particle "decides" which way to spin. A cosmic ray decides when to decay. Not consciously, but choose they do. A new paper co-authored by mathematician John Conway, inventor of a cellular automata demonstration known as the Game of Life, argues that you can't explain the spin or decay of particles by randomness, nor are they determined, so free will is the only option left.
The Strong Free Will Theorem (PDF) is a technical paper, but they insert a few passages in English:
It asserts, roughly, that if indeed we humans have free will, then elementary particles already have their own small share of this valuable commodity. More precisely, if the experimenter can freely choose the directions in which to orient his apparatus in a certain measurement, then the particle’s response (to be pedantic—the universe’s response near the particle) is not determined by the entire previous history of the universe.
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Some readers may object to our use of the term “free will” to describe the indeterminism of particle responses. Our provocative ascription of free will to elementary particles is deliberate, since our theorem asserts that if experimenters have a certain freedom, then particles have exactly the same kind of freedom. Indeed, it is natural to suppose that this latter freedom is the ultimate explanation of our own.Readers should recognize here the presence of an explanatory filter that is rigged to put "intelligent agency" out on top as the remaining viable explanation of observable phenomena, but unlike Dembski's explanatory filter used by Intelligent Design proponents to hint at a conscious and calculative designer of life, Conway's filter suggests that choice is an event that does not require intelligent thought. Indeed, only events in larger complex systems, such as communities of multicellular organisms in challenging environments, would benefit from intelligent forethought, and therefore only the most socially-complex creatures sport impressive cerebrums in nature.
But at the level of individual cells, or individual subatomic particles, choices at that scale are few and limited in terms of their impact, and therefore intelligence drops off, in its own fuzzy gradient, into chemical and physical responsiveness. Conway takes the reverse path from here, and notes that, because the human brain is itself based on the chemical and electrical capabilities of neurons, which are themselves ultimately built of free-wheeling subatomic particles, then human free will (and derivative terms such as choice) can ultimately be explained in quantum physics. In the end, free will may ultimately belong to quantum indeterminacy, with the metaphorical application extending to the broader effects in larger systems, such as individual people and their collective unconscious.
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